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IC-PV Datasheet(PDF) 11 Page - IC-Haus GmbH |
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IC-PV Datasheet(HTML) 11 Page - IC-Haus GmbH |
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11 / 28 page  iC-PV BATTERY-BUFFERED HALL MULTITURN ENCODER Rev E2, Page 11/28 SENSOR PRINCIPLE Figure 3: Sensor principle In conjunction with a rotating permanent magnet, the iC-PV can be used to create a complete (multiturn) en- coder system. A diametrically magnetized, cylindrical permanent magnet made of neodymium iron boron (Nd- FeB) or samarium cobalt (SmCo) generates optimum sensor signals. The diameter of the magnet should be between 2 to 8 mm. The iC-PV has four Hall sensors adapted for angle determination and to convert the magnetic field into a measurable Hall voltage. Only the z-component of the magnetic field is evaluated, whereby the field lines pass through two opposing Hall sensors in the opposite direction. Figure 3 shows an example of field vectors. The arrangement of the Hall sensors is selected so that the mounting of the magnets relative to iC-PV is extremely tolerant. Two Hall sensors combined provide a differential Hall signal. When the magnet is rotated around the longitudinal axis, sine and cosine output voltages are produced, which can be used to determine the current angle. In combination with a digital counter, this angle infor- mation is used to determine the absolute (multiturn) position, i.e., the iC-PV counts the revolutions of the permanent magnet. POSITION OF THE HALL SENSORS The Hall sensors are placed in the center of the QFN16 package at 90 ° to one another and arranged in a circle with a diameter of 1.75 mm as shown in Figure 4. In order to calculate the angle position of a diametrically polarized magnet placed above the device, a difference in signal is formed between opposite pairs of Hall sen- sors, resulting in the sine being VSIN = VPSIN - VNSIN and the cosine VCOS = VPCOS - VNCOS. The zero angle position of the magnet is marked by the resulting cosine voltage value being at a maximum and the sine voltage value at zero. In this case, the south pole of the magnet is exactly above the PCOS sensor and the north pole is above sensor NCOS, as shown in Figure 5. Sensors PSIN and NSIN are placed along the pole boundary so that neither generate a Hall signal. When the magnet is rotated counterclockwise, the poles also cover the PSIN and NSIN sensors, resulting in the sine and cosine signals shown in Figure 6. NSIN NCOS PSIN PCOS Pin 1 Mark top view Figure 4: Position of the Hall sensors |
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