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AT91FR40162

2632C–ATARM–03/04

Architectural

Overview

The AT91FR40162 integrates Atmel’s AT91R40008 ARM Thumb processor and an

AT49BV1604A/1614A 2-Mbyte (16-Mbit) Flash memory die in a single compact 121-ball

BGA package. The address, data and control signals, except the Flash memory enable,

are internally interconnected.

The AT91R40008 architecture consists of two main buses, the Advanced System Bus

(ASB) and the Advanced Peripheral Bus (APB). Designed for maximum performance

and controlled by the memory controller, the ASB interfaces the ARM7TDMI processor

with the on-chip 32-bit SRAM memory, the External Bus Interface (EBI) connected to

the encapsulated Flash and the AMBA

which is designed for accesses to on-chip peripherals and optimized for low power

consumption.

The AT91FR40162 implements the ICE port of the ARM7TDMI processor on dedicated

pins, offering a complete, low-cost and easy-to-use debug solution for target debugging.

Memories

The AT91FR40162 embeds 256K bytes of internal SRAM. The internal memory is

directly connected to the 32-bit data bus and is single-cycle accessible. This provides

maximum performance of 67 MIPS at 75 MHz by using the ARM instruction set of the

processor, minimizing system power consumption and improving on the performance of

separate memory solutions.

The AT91FR40162 features an External Bus Interface (EBI), which enables connection

of external memories and application-specific peripherals. The EBI supports 8- or 16-bit

devices and can use two 8-bit devices to emulate a single 16-bit device. The EBI imple-

ments the early read protocol, enabling faster memory accesses than standard memory

interfaces.

The AT91FR40162 encapsulates a Flash memory organized as 1024K 16-bit words,

accessed via the EBI. A 16-bit Thumb instruction can be loaded from Flash memory in a

single access. Separate MCU and Flash memory reset inputs (NRST and NRSTF) are

provided for maximum flexibility. The user is thus free to tailor the reset operation to the

application.

The AT91FR40162 integrates resident boot software called AT91 Flash Uploader soft-

ware in the encapsulated Flash. The AT91 Flash Uploader software is able to upload

program application software into its Flash memory.

Peripherals

The AT91FR40162 integrates several peripherals, which are classified as system or

user peripherals.

All on-chip peripherals are 32-bit accessible by the AMBA Bridge, and can be pro-

grammed with a minimum number of instructions. The peripheral register set is

composed of control, mode, data, status and enable/disable/status registers.

An on-chip Peripheral Data Controller (PDC) transfers data between the on-chip

USARTs and on- and off-chip memory address space without processor intervention.

Most importantly, the PDC removes the processor interrupt handling overhead, making

it possible to transfer up to 64K contiguous bytes without reprogramming the start

address, thus increasing the performance of the microcontroller, and reducing the power

consumption.

System Peripherals

The External Bus Interface (EBI) controls the external memory or peripheral devices via

an 8- or 16-bit databus and is programmed through the APB. Each chip select line has

its own programming register.