XTR101AUG4 datasheet(6/26 Pages) TI1

Part #	XTR101AUG4

Description	Precision, Low Drift 4-20mA TWO-WIRE TRANSMITTER

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Manufacturer	TI1 [Texas Instruments]

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XTR101

SBOS146A − OCTOBER 1986 − REVISED AUGUST 2004

www.ti.com

6

THEORY OF OPERATION

A simplified schematic of the XTR101 is shown in Figure 1.

Basically, the amplifiers A1 and A2 act as a single

power-supply instrumentation amplifier controlling a

current source, A3 and Q1. Operation is determined by an

internal feedback loop. e1 applied to pin 3 will also appear

at pin 5, and similarly, e2 will appear at pin 6. Therefore, the

current in RS (the span setting resistor) will be

IS =(e2 −e1)/RS =eIN/RS. This current combines with the

current I3 to form I1. The circuit is configured such that I2

is 19 times I1. From this point, the derivation of the transfer

function is straightforward but lengthy. The result is shown

in Figure 1.

Examination of the transfer function shows that IO has a

lower range-limit of 4mA when eIN = e2 − e1 = 0V. This 4mA

is composed of 2mA quiescent current exiting pin 7 plus

2mA from the current sources. The upper range limit of IO

is set to 20mA by the proper selection of RS based on the

upper range limit of eIN. Specifically, RS is chosen for a

16mA output current span for the given full-scale input

voltage span.

For example, 0.016

amps

volt

) 40

R

S

e

IN full−scale + 16mA.

Note that since IO is unipolar, e2 must be kept larger than

e1 (that is, e2 ≥ e1 or eIN ≥ 0). Also note that in order not to

exceed the output upper range limit of 20mA, eIN must be

kept less than 1V when RS = ∞ and proportionately less as

RS is reduced.

+V

CC

A

1

+V

CC

D

1

V

PS

I

O

7

e

L

10

11

Q

1

R

1

Voltage−Controlled

Current Source

2.5k

Ω

100

µA

8

56

2mA

R

2

52.6

Ω

(e

2)

I

B1

I

B2

I

2

I

REF1

1k

Ω

e

IN

I

S

(e

2)

(e

1)

I

3

I

4

R

3

1.25k

Ω

−

+

I

1

+

−

A

2

A

3

(e

1)

R

S

−In

3

+In

4

e

IN

I

REF2

I

O

+V

CC

R

4

1.25k

Ω

+V

CC

+V

CC

R

L

I

O +

4mA

) 0.016

amps

volt

)

40

R

S

e

IN,

e

IN +

e

2 *

e

1

Figure 1. Simplified Schematic of the XTR101

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