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AT89S52-24PI Datasheet(PDF) 15 Page - ATMEL Corporation |
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AT89S52-24PI Datasheet(HTML) 15 Page - ATMEL Corporation |
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15 / 30 page  AT89S52 15 Oscillator Characteristics XTAL1 and XTAL2 are the input and output, respectively, of an inverting amplifier that can be configured for use as an on-chip oscillator, as shown in Figure 11. Either a quartz crystal or ceramic resonator may be used. To drive the device from an external clock source, XTAL2 should be left unconnected while XTAL1 is driven, as shown in Figure 12. There are no requirements on the duty cycle of the external clock signal, since the input to the internal clocking circuitry is through a divide-by-two flip-flop, but minimum and maxi- mum voltage high and low time specifications must be observed. Idle Mode In idle mode, the CPU puts itself to sleep while all the on- chip peripherals remain active. The mode is invoked by software. The content of the on-chip RAM and all the spe- cial functions registers remain unchanged during this mode. The idle mode can be terminated by any enabled interrupt or by a hardware reset. Note that when idle mode is terminated by a hardware reset, the device normally resumes program execution from where it left off, up to two machine cycles before the internal reset algorithm takes control. On-chip hardware inhibits access to internal RAM in this event, but access to the port pins is not inhibited. To eliminate the possibility of an unexpected write to a port pin when idle mode is termi- nated by a reset, the instruction following the one that invokes idle mode should not write to a port pin or to exter- nal memory. Power-down Mode In the Power-down mode, the oscillator is stopped, and the instruction that invokes Power-down is the last instruction executed. The on-chip RAM and Special Function Regis- ters retain their values until the Power-down mode is termi- nated. Exit from Power-down mode can be initiated either by a hardware reset or by an enabled external interrupt. Reset redefines the SFRs but does not change the on-chip RAM. The reset should not be activated before VCC is restored to its normal operating level and must be held active long enough to allow the oscillator to restart and stabilize. Figure 11. Oscillator Connections Note: C1, C2 = 30 pF ± 10 pF for Crystals = 40 pF ± 10 pF for Ceramic Resonators Figure 12. External Clock Drive Configuration C2 XTAL2 GND XTAL1 C1 XTAL2 XTAL1 GND NC EXTERNAL OSCILLATOR SIGNAL Table 6. Status of External Pins During Idle and Power-down Modes Mode Program Memory ALE PSEN PORT0 PORT1 PORT2 PORT3 Idle Internal 1 1 Data Data Data Data Idle External 1 1 Float Data Address Data Power-down Internal 0 0 Data Data Data Data Power-down External 0 0 Float Data Data Data |
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