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SA101C561KAR Datasheet(PDF) 4 Page - AVX Corporation

Part # SA101C561KAR
Description  GENERAL INFORMATION
Download  84 Pages
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Manufacturer  AVX [AVX Corporation]
Direct Link  http://www.avx.com
Logo AVX - AVX Corporation

SA101C561KAR Datasheet(HTML) 4 Page - AVX Corporation

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3
The Capacitor
In practice the current leads the voltage by some other phase
angle due to the series resistance R
S. The complement of this
angle is called the loss angle and:
Power Factor (P.F.) = Cos
f or Sine
Dissipation Factor (D.F.) = tan
for small values of
the tan and sine are essentially equal
which has led to the common interchangeability of the two
terms in the industry.
Equivalent Series Resistance – The term E.S.R. or
Equivalent Series Resistance combines all losses both series
and parallel in a capacitor at a given frequency so that the
equivalent circuit is reduced to a simple R-C series connec-
tion.
Dissipation Factor
The DF/PF of a capacitor tells what percent of the
apparent power input will turn to heat in the capacitor.
Dissipation Factor =
E.S.R.
= (2 π fC) (E.S.R.)
X
C
The watts loss are:
Watts loss = (2 π fCV2) (D.F.)
Very low values of dissipation factor are expressed as their
reciprocal for convenience. These are called the “Q” or Quality
factor of capacitors.
Insulation Resistance – Insulation Resistance is the resist-
ance measured across the terminals of a capacitor and con-
sists principally of the parallel resistance R
P
shown in the
equivalent circuit. As capacitance values and hence the area
of dielectric increases, the I.R. decreases and hence the
product (C x IR or RC) is often specified in ohm farads or more
commonly megohm microfarads. Leakage current is deter-
mined by dividing the rated voltage by IR (Ohm’s Law).
Dielectric Strength – Dielectric Strength is an expression of
the ability of a material to withstand an electrical stress.
Although dielectric strength is ordinarily expressed in volts, it
is actually dependent on the thickness of the dielectric and
thus is also more generically a function of volts/mil.
Dielectric Absorption – A capacitor does not discharge
instantaneously upon application of a short circuit, but drains
gradually after the capacitance proper has been discharged.
It is common practice to measure the dielectric absorption by
determining the “reappearing voltage” which appears across
a capacitor at some point in time after it has been fully dis-
charged under short circuit conditions.
Corona – Corona is the ionization of air or other vapors which
causes them to conduct current. It is especially prevalent in
high
voltage
units
but
can
occur
with
low
voltages as well where high voltage gradients occur. The
energy discharged degrades the performance of the capaci-
tor and can in time cause catastrophic failures.
CERAMIC CAPACITORS
Multilayer ceramic capacitors are manufactured by mixing the
ceramic powder in an organic binder (slurry) and casting it by
one technique or another into thin layers typically ranging from
about 3 mils in thickness down to 1 mil or thinner.
Metal electrodes are deposited onto the green ceramic
layers which are then stacked to form a laminated
structure. The metal electrodes are arranged so that their ter-
minations alternate from one edge of the capacitor to anoth-
er. Upon sintering at high temperature the part becomes a
monolithic block which can provide extremely high capaci-
tance values in small mechanical volumes. Figure 1 shows a
pictorial view of a multilayer ceramic capacitor.
Multilayer ceramic capacitors are available in a wide range of
characteristics, Electronic Industries Association (EIA) and the
military have established categories to help divide the
E.S.R.
C
I (Ideal)
I (Actual)
Phase
Angle
Loss
Angle
V
IR
s
f


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