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L7590C Datasheet(PDF) 4 Page - Agere Systems

Part # L7590C
Description  Telephone Ringing Driver
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Manufacturer  AGERE [Agere Systems]
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L7590C Datasheet(HTML) 4 Page - Agere Systems

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Lucent Technologies Inc.
Data Sheet
June 1998
L7590C Telephone Ringing Driver
Functional Description
Ringer Requirements
This discussion highlights some of the requirements in
the United States and Germany. Beginning with the
telephone set ringer to be powered, the United States
requires 40 Vrms to be delivered to the equivalent of
five parallel telephone sets, or 5 REN (Ringer Equiva-
lence Number), that translates to 1386
Ω + 40 µF. In
Germany, 30 mApeak must be delivered to four parallel
telephone sets. In Germany, 4 REN have an imped-
ance of 450
Ω + 3.4 µF. The difference results from the
impedance of the telephone-set ringers of the two
countries.
Ringing Requirements
In Germany, both single-ended ringing and balanced
ringing can be used. This is not so in the United States,
where some ringers on older equipment have a ground
connection at the telephone set, and the signal lead is
either the Tip or Ring wire of the twisted pair. This has
led to the recommended use of single-ended ringing.
Both administrations allow ringing with a negative dc
level, known as battery-backed ringing, but in the
United States, there is a constraint that this level can-
not be more negative than –75 V.
With the exception of the United States, most world-
wide administrations require an injection of a pure sine
wave. Depending on the country, the distortion require-
ment is in the range of 3% to 5%. In the United States,
the wave does not need to resemble a sine wave, but it
cannot be a square wave. The shape requirement of
the wave in the United States is expressed as a crest
factor (c.f.). This is the ratio of the peak to the rms volt-
age of the signal. The requirement is 1.2 < c.f. < 1.6.
Operation
On the L7590C, the prefiltered output is a high-
voltage replica of the PWM digital signal that is applied
to the CLK input. The signal at OUT is produced by
level shifting and control of the high-voltage transistors.
The level is determined by the magnitude of the nega-
tive dc voltage applied to the output stage transistors.
The output, ideally, should be an exact time replica of
the CLK input to faithfully reproduce the modulating
waveform. This high-voltage replica of the CLK input is
filtered to leave only the low-frequency, high-voltage
sine wave ringing signal. Figure 3, parts A and B, illus-
trates the PWM signal with relation to the modulating
signal frequency. The PWM signal is at a 100 kHz rate
and modulated at the desired ringing signal frequency,
typically 20 Hz to 30 Hz. Laboratory equipment genera-
tion of the required signal is shown in Figure 5. Propa-
gation delays and switching parameters associated
with the control circuitry and output stage transistors
can cause skewing which will produce a distorted out-
put of the modulating waveform. Skewing is illustrated
in Figure 4, parts A, B, and C. The skewing can be
seen as an increase in the duty cycle of the L7590C
output compared to the input signal duty cycle.
Using the test arrangement as shown in Figure 5, the
harmonic distortion of the filtered output of the L7590C
was measured with two different loading circuits. With
the North American 5 REN (1386
Ω + 40 µF) load, the
THD was typically 2.0% to 2.5%. With the Germany
4 REN (450
Ω + 3.4 µF) load, the THD was typically
1.5% to 2.0%. The 25 Hz output of the
HP* 3311A
generator showed a typical THD of 1.5% when supply-
ing a signal to the
HP 8116A.
A 20
Ω resistor (RILIM) must be added between L1 and
OUT for 5 REN loads.
*
HP is a registered trademark of Hewlett-Packard Company.


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