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CBC915-ACA-TR5 Datasheet(PDF) 5 Page - Cymbet Corporation |
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CBC915-ACA-TR5 Datasheet(HTML) 5 Page - Cymbet Corporation |
5 / 16 page CBC915 EnerChip Energy Processor ©2010-2011 Cymbet Corporation • Tel: +1-763-633-1780 • www.cymbet.com DS-72-15 Rev C Page 5 of 16 CBC915 Operation The CBC915 performs the function of efficiently converting energy from an external power transducer to a voltage and current usable by typical applications such as remote wireless sensors. The CBC915 performs this function by dynamically matching its input impedance to the output impedance of the transducer. At impedance match, maximum power will be extracted from the transducer. Differences Among Power Transducers There are many different types of power transducers used in energy harvesting applications; they are broadly divided into two categories. Photovoltaic (PV) cells are unique and consequently in their own category due to the diode-like current-voltage (IV) characteristics of PV cells. The PV cell impedance changes with changes in incident light intensity. As the light intensity increases, the PV cell impedance decreases. For example, typical impedance for a 30cm2 two-series amorphous silicon cell array will be 1kΩ at 1000Lux and 5kΩ at 200Lux. Therefore, transferring maximum power from the PV cell into CBC915 Energy Processor boost converter requires the input impedance of the boost converter to change dynamically in response to light intensity (thus PV cell impedance) fluctuations. Plotting a load line of current vs. voltage on a graph will show a diode-like response curve, in contrast to a purely resistive source which having a linear load line response. When presented with a matched impedance, the output voltage of an efficient PV cell is fairly constant over varying incident light intensity. In contrast, the voltage at the peak power point of a less efficient voltage will change with variations in light intensity. The CBC915 adjusts its input impedance to match the output characteristics of any type or quality of PV cell. The CBC915 was designed to work with PV cells arrays of 1-series to 8-series cells, equating to approximately 0.5V to 4V at matched impedance. In most cases it is most power efficient to use a PV array with two cells in series. Series-cell configurations with fewer cells have the advantage of not losing as much efficiency due to shading and have more efficiency per unit area because there are fewer gaps in the array that do not contribute to energy conversion. The power curve of Figure 1 is typical of a low power PV cell used in energy harvesting applications. Electrical impedance of the cell varies strongly as a function of ambient light. As illustrated, the power curve is highly non- linear, meaning that connecting an electrical load to the PV cell that is not matched to its impedance results in inefficient power transfer to that load. Figure 1. Maximum Peak Power Point for Variable Resistance Transducer 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 610 1220 1830 2440 3050 3660 4270 4880 5490 6100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Current as a percentage of short circuit current Normalized Power From a Photovoltaic Cell Power Volts |
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