CY7B991V
3.3V RoboClock®
Document Number: 38-07141 Rev. *D
Page 3 of 13
Block Diagram Description
Phase Frequency Detector and Filter
The Phase Frequency Detector and Filter blocks accept inputs
from the reference frequency (REF) input and the feedback (FB)
input. They generate correction information to control the
frequency of the Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO). These
blocks, along with the VCO, form a Phase Locked Loop (PLL)
that tracks the incoming REF signal.
VCO and Time Unit Generator
The VCO accepts analog control inputs from the PLL filter block.
It generates a frequency that is used by the time unit generator
to create discrete time units, selected in the skew select matrix.
The operational range of the VCO is determined by the FS
control pin. The time unit (tU) is determined by the operating
frequency of the device and the level of the FS pin as shown in
Table 2.
Skew Select Matrix
The skew select matrix is comprised of four independent
sections. Each section has two low skew, high fanout drivers
(xQ0, xQ1), and two corresponding three level function select
(xF0, xF1) inputs. Table 3 shows the nine possible output
functions for each section as determined by the function select
inputs. All times are measured with respect to the REF input
assuming that the output connected to the FB input has 0tU
selected.
Table 2. Frequency Range Select and tU Calculation[1]
FS[2, 3]
fNOM (MHz)
where N =
Approximate
Frequency(MHz)At
Which tU = 1.0 ns
Min
Max
LOW
15
30
44
22.7
MID
25
50
26
38.5
HIGH
40
80
16
62.5
tU
1
fNOM N
×
------------------------
=
Table 3. Programmable Skew Configurations[1]
Function Selects
Output Functions
1F1, 2F1,
3F1, 4F1
1F0, 2F0,
3F0, 4F0
1Q0,1Q1,
2Q0, 2Q1
3Q0, 3Q1
4Q0, 4Q1
LOW
LOW
–4tU
Divide by 2 Divide by 2
LOW
MID
–3tU
–6tU
–6tU
LOW
HIGH
–2tU
–4tU
–4tU
MID
LOW
–1tU
–2tU
–2tU
MID
MID
0tU
0tU
0tU
MID
HIGH
+1tU
+2tU
+2tU
HIGH
LOW
+2tU
+4tU
+4tU
HIGH
MID
+3tU
+6tU
+6tU
HIGH
HIGH
+4tU
Divide by 4
Inverted
Notes
1. For all three state inputs, HIGH indicates a connection to VCC, LOW indicates a connection to GND, and MID indicates an open connection. Internal termination
circuitry holds an unconnected input to VCC/2.
2. The level to be set on FS is determined by the “normal” operating frequency (fNOM) of the VCO and Time Unit Generator (see ). Nominal frequency (fNOM) always
appears at 1Q0 and the other outputs when they are operated in their undivided modes (see Table 3). The frequency appearing at the REF and FB inputs is fNOM
when the output connected to FB is undivided. The frequency of the REF and FB inputs is fNOM/2 or fNOM/4 when the part is configured for a frequency multiplication
using a divided output as the FB input.
3. When the FS pin is selected HIGH, the REF input must not transition upon power up until VCC has reached 2.8V.
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