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C114G102K1CG5CS Datasheet(PDF) 5 Page - Kemet Corporation |
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C114G102K1CG5CS Datasheet(HTML) 5 Page - Kemet Corporation |
5 / 23 page © KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com 3 and dissipa- e. The max- e defines a “box” es and Within this upon the spe- KEMET capaci- temperature. - Effect of Temperature: Both capacitance tion factor are affected by variations in temperatur imum capacitance change with temperature is defined by th temperature characteristic. However, this only bounded by the upper and lower operating temperatur the minimum and maximum capacitance values. “box”, the variation with temperature depends cific dielectric formulation. Typical curves for tors are shown in Figures 3 and 4. These figures also include the typical change in dissipation factor for KEMET capacitors. Insulation resistance decreases with Typically, the insulation resistance at maximum rated temper ature is 10% of the 25ºC value. EFFECT OF APPLIED VOLTAGE 1 2 3 4 +10 +5 0 -5 -10 0.1 1 10 100 AC or DC Volts Applied Typical Effects of 1000 Hz AC and DC Voltage Level on Capacitance and Dissipation Factor - X7R Note: C0G Dielectric capacitance and dissipation factor are stable with voltage. Figure 6. DC AC AC DC Effect of Voltage: Class I ceramic capacitors are not affected by variations in applied AC or DC voltages. For Class II and III ceramic capacitors, variations in voltage affect only the capacitance and dissipation factor. The application of DC voltage higher than 5 vdc reduces both the capacitance and dissipation factor. The application of AC voltages up to 10-20 Vac tends to increase both capacitance and dissipation factor At higher AC voltages, both capacitance and dissipation factor begin to decrease. Typical curves showing the effect of applied AC and DC voltage are shown in Figure 6 for KEMET X7R capacitors. APPLICATION NOTES FOR MULTILAYER CERAMIC CAPACITORS Effect of Frequency: Frequency affects both capaci- tance and dissipation factor. Typical curves for KEMET multi- layer ceramic capacitors are shown in Figures 8 and 9. The variation of impedance with frequency is an impor- tant consideration in the application of multilayer ceramic capacitors. Total impedance of the capacitor is the vector of the capacitive reactance, the inductive reactance, and the ESR, as illustrated in Figure 2. As frequency increases, the capacitive reactance decreases. However, the series inductance (L) shown in Figure 1 produces inductive reactance, which increases with frequency. At some frequency, the impedance ceases to be capacitive and becomes inductive. This point, at the bottom of the V-shaped impedance versus frequency curves, is the self-resonant frequency. At the self-resonant fre- quency, the reactance is zero, and the impedance consists of the ESR only. Typical impedance versus frequency curves for KEMET multilayer ceramic capacitors are shown in Figures 10 and 11. These curves apply to KEMET capacitors in chip form, without leads. Lead configuration and lead length have a significant impact on the series inductance. The lead inductance is approximately 10nH/inch, which is large compared to the inductance of the chip. The effect of this additional inductance is a decrease in the self-resonant frequency, and an increase in impedance in the inductive region above the self-resonant frequency. Effect of Time: The capacitance of Class II and III dielectrics change with time as well as with temperature, volt- age and frequency. This change with time is known as “aging.” It is caused by gradual realignment of the crystalline structure of the ceramic dielectric material as it is cooled below its Curie temperature, which produces a loss of capacitance with time. The aging process is predictable and follows a logarithmic decay. Typical aging rates for C0G and X7R dielectrics are as follows: C0G None X7R 2.0% per decade of time Typical aging curves for X7R dielectrics is shown in Figure 12. The aging process is reversible. If the capacitor is heat- ed to a temperature above its Curie point for some period of time, de-aging will occur and the capacitor will regain the capacitance lost during the aging process. The amount of de- aging depends on both the elevated temperature and the length of time at that temperature. Exposure to 150ºC for one- half hour or 125ºC for two hours is usually sufficient to return the capacitor to its initial value. Because the capacitance changes rapidly immediately after de-aging, capacitance measurements are usually delayed for at least 10 hours after the de-aging process, which is often referred to as the “last heat.” In addition, manufacturers utilize |
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