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CS209AYN8 Datasheet(PDF) 6 Page - ON Semiconductor |
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CS209AYN8 Datasheet(HTML) 6 Page - ON Semiconductor |
6 / 8 page CS209A http://onsemi.com 6 For this application it is recommended to use a core which concentrates the magnetic field in only one direction. This is accomplished very well with a pot core half. The next step is to select a core material with low loss factor (inverse of Q). The loss factor can be represented by a resistance in series with the inductor which arises from core losses and is a function of frequency. The final step in obtaining a high Q inductor is the selection of wire size. The higher the frequency the faster the decrease in current density towards the center of the wire. Thus most of the current flow is concentrated on the surface of the wire resulting in a high AC resistance. LITZ wire is recommended for this application. Considering the many factors involved, it is also recommended to operate at a resonant frequency between 200 and 700 kHz. The formula commonly used to determine the Q for parallel resonant circuits is: QP ^ R 2pfRL where R is the effective resistance of the tank. The resistance component of the inductor consists primarily of core losses and “skin effect” or AC resistance. The resonant capacitor should be selected to resonate with the inductor within the frequency range recommended in order to yield the highest Q. The capacitor type should be selected to have low ESR: multilayer ceramic for example. Detection distances vary for different metals. Following are different detection distances for some selected metals and metal objects relative to one particular circuit set−up: Commonly Encountered Metals Stainless Steel 0.101″ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carbon Steel 0.125″ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copper 0.044″ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aluminum 0.053″ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brass 0.052″ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coins US Quarter 0.055″ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canadian Quarter 0.113″ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 German Mark 0.090″ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Pound Sterling 0.080″ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Japanese Yen 0.093″ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Italian Lira 0.133″ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other 12 oz. soda can 0.087″ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Note that the above is only a comparison among different metals and no attempt was made to achieve the greatest detection distance. A different type of application involves, for example, detecting the teeth of a rotating gear. For these applications the capacitor on DEMOD should not be selected too small (not below 1000 pF) where the ripple becomes too large and not too large (not greater than 0.01 μF) that the response time is too slow. Figure 6 for example shows the capacitor ripple only and Figure 7 shows the entire capacitor voltage and the output pulses for an 8−tooth gear rotating at about 2400 rpm using a 2200 pF capacitor on the DEMOD pin. Because the output stages go into hard saturation, a time interval is required to remove the stored base charge resulting in both outputs being low for approximately 3.0 μs. (See Figure 3.) |
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