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ISL9203 Datasheet(PDF) 10 Page - Intersil Corporation |
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ISL9203 Datasheet(HTML) 10 Page - Intersil Corporation |
10 / 16 page 10 FN6106.0 February 3, 2005 Theory of Operation The ISL9203 is an integrated charger for single-cell Li-ion or Li-polymer batteries. The ISL9203 functions as a traditional linear charger when powered with a voltage-source adapter. When powered with a current-limited adapter, the charger minimizes the thermal dissipation commonly seen in traditional linear chargers. As a linear charger, the ISL9203 charges a battery in the popular constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) profile. The constant charge current IREF is programmable up to 1.5A with an external resistor. The charge voltage VCH has 1% accuracy over the entire recommended operating condition range. The charger always preconditions the battery with 10% of the programmed current at the beginning of a charge cycle, until the battery voltage is verified to be above the minimum fast charge voltage, VMIN. This low- current preconditioning charge mode is named trickle mode. The verification takes 15 cycles of an internal oscillator whose period is programmable with the timing capacitor. A thermal-foldback feature removes the thermal concern typically seen in linear chargers. The charger reduces the charge current automatically as the IC internal temperature rises above 100°C to prevent further temperature rise. The thermal-foldback feature guarantees safe operation when the printed circuit board (PCB) is space limited for thermal dissipation. The charger offers a safety timer for setting the fast charge time (TIMEOUT) limit to prevent charging a dead battery for an extensively long time. The trickle mode is limited to 1/8 of TIMEOUT. The charger automatically re-charges the battery when the battery voltage drops below a recharge threshold. When the wall adapter is not present, the ISL9203 draws less than 1µA current from the battery. Three indication pins are available from the charger to indicate the charge status. The V2P8 outputs a 2.8V dc voltage when the input voltage is above the power-on reset (POR) level and can be used as the power-present indication. This pin is capable of sourcing a 2mA current, so it can also be used to bias external circuits. The STATUS pin is an open-drain logic output that turns LOW at the beginning of a charge cycle until the end-of- charge (EOC) condition is qualified. The EOC condition is: the battery voltage rises above the recharge threshold and the charge current falls below a user-programmable EOC current threshold. Once the EOC condition is qualified, the STATUS output rises to HIGH and is latched. The latch is released at the beginning of a charge or re-charge cycle. The open-drain FAULT pin turns low when a charge time fault occurs or when the IREF pin is pulled below 0.35V or above 1.4V. Figure 18 shows the typical charge curves in a traditional linear charger powered with a constant-voltage adapter. From the top to bottom, the curves represent the constant input voltage, the battery voltage, the charge current and the power dissipation in the charger. The power dissipation PCH is given by the following equation: (EQ. 1) where ICHARGE is the charge current. The maximum power dissipation occurs during the beginning of the CC mode. The maximum power the IC is capable of dissipating is dependent on the thermal impedance of the printed-circuit board (PCB). Figure 18 shows, with dotted lines, two cases that the charge currents are limited by the maximum power dissipation capability due to the thermal foldback. FIGURE 18. TYPICAL CHARGE CURVES USING A CONSTANT-VOLTAGE ADAPTER V CH V MIN V IN I REF I REF/10 P 1 P 2 P 3 Trickle Mode Constant Current Mode Constant Voltage Mode Inhibit TIMEOUT Input Voltage Battery Voltage Charge Current Power Dissipation P CH V IN V BAT – () I CHARGE ⋅ = FIGURE 19. TYPICAL CHARGE CURVES USING A CURRENT- LIMITED ADAPTER V CH V MIN V IN I REF I REF/10 P 1 P 2 I LIM Trickle Mode Constant Current Mode Constant Voltage Mode Inhibit TIMEOUT Input Voltage Battery Voltage Charge Current Power Dissipation ISL9203 |
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