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HT46R0042 Datasheet(PDF) 12 Page - Holtek Semiconductor Inc

Part # HT46R0042
Description  Cost-Effective A/D 8-Bit OTP MCU
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Manufacturer  HOLTEK [Holtek Semiconductor Inc]
Direct Link  http://www.holtek.com
Logo HOLTEK - Holtek Semiconductor Inc

HT46R0042 Datasheet(HTML) 12 Page - Holtek Semiconductor Inc

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HT46R0042
Cost-Effective A/D 8-Bit OTP MCU
HT46R0042
Cost-Effective A/D 8-Bit OTP MCU
Program Counter – PC
Duringprogramexecution,theProgramCounterisusedtokeeptrackoftheaddressofthe
nextinstructiontobeexecuted.Itisautomaticallyincrementedbyoneeachtimeaninstruction
isexecutedexceptforinstructions,suchas“JMP”or“CALL”thatdemandajumptoanon-
consecutiveProgramMemoryaddress.Itmustbenotedthatonlythelower8bits,knownasthe
ProgramCounterLowRegister,aredirectlyaddressablebyuser.
Whenexecutinginstructionsrequiringjumpingtonon-consecutiveaddressessuchasajump
instruction,asubroutinecall,interruptorreset,etc,themicrocontrollermanagesprogramcontrol
byloadingtherequiredaddressintotheProgramCounter.Forconditionalskipinstructions,once
theconditionhasbeenmet,thenextinstruction,whichhasalreadybeenfetchedduringthepresent
instructionexecution,isdiscardedandadummycycletakesitsplacewhilethecorrectinstructionis
obtained.
Program Counter
High Byte of Program
Low Byte of Program
PC10~PC8
PCL�~PCL0
ThelowerbyteoftheProgramCounter,knownastheProgramCounterLowregisterorPCL,is
availableforprogramcontrolandisareadableandwriteableregister.Bytransferringdatadirectly
intothisregister,ashortprogramjumpcanbeexecuteddirectly.However,asonlythislowbyte
isavailableformanipulation,thejumpsarelimitedinthepresentpageofmemory,whichhave
256locations.Whensuchprogramjumpsareexecuteditshouldalsobenotedthatadummycycle
willbeinserted.ThelowerbyteoftheProgramCounterisfullyaccessibleunderprogramcontrol.
ManipulatingthePCLmightcauseprogrambranching,soanextracycleisneededtopre-fetch.
Stack
ThisisaspecialpartofthememorywhichisusedtosavethecontentsoftheProgramCounteronly.
Thedevicestackisorganizedinto4levelsandneitherpartofthedatanorpartoftheprogramspace,
andisneitherreadablenorwriteable.TheactivatedlevelisindexedbytheStackPointer,andis
neitherreadablenorwriteable.Atasubroutinecallorinterruptacknowledgesignal,thecontentsof
theProgramCounterarepushedontothestack.Attheendofasubroutineoraninterruptroutine,
signaledbyareturninstruction,RETorRETI,theProgramCounterisrestoredtoitspreviousvalue
fromthestack.Afteradevicereset,theStackPointerwillpointtothetopofthestack.
Pr ogr am C ount er
St a ck Lev el 1
St a ck Lev el 2
St a ck Lev el 3
St a ck Lev el 4
Pr ogr am
Me mo ry
To p of S ta ck
St ac k
Po in te r
Bo tt om o f St ac k
Ifthestackisfullandanenabledinterrupttakesplace,theinterruptrequestflagwillberecordedbut
theacknowledgesignalwillbeinhibited.WhentheStackPointerisdecremented,byRETorRETI,
theinterruptwillbeserviced.Thisfeaturepreventsstackoverflowallowingtheprogrammertouse
thestructuremoreeasily.However,whenthestackisfull,aCALLsubroutineinstructioncanstill
beexecutedwhichwillresultinastackoverflow.Precautionsshouldbetakentoavoidsuchcases
whichmightcauseunpredictableprogrambranching.


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