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MCM20027 Datasheet(PDF) 7 Page - Motorola, Inc |
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MCM20027 Datasheet(HTML) 7 Page - Motorola, Inc |
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7 / 73 page  Revision 8.0 - 28 November 2001 : MCM20027 MOTOROLA 7 MOTOROLA SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA ImageMOS ImageMOS 1.0 MCM20027 Overview The MCM20027 is a solid state CMOS Active CMOS Imager (ACITM) that integrates the functionality of a complete analog image acquisition, digitizer, and digital signal processing system on a single chip. The image sensor comprises a format pixel array with 1280x1024 active elements. The image size is fully programmable to user defined windows of interest. The pixels are on a 6.0 µm pitch. High sensitivity and low noise are a char- acteristic of the pinned “shared diffusion” photodiode ar- chitecture utilized in the pixels. Standard microlenses further enhance the sensitivity. The sensor is available with Bayer patterned Color Filter Arrays (CFAs) for color output or as a monochrome imager. Integrated timing and programming controls allow video or still image capture modes.Frame rates are program- mable while keeping Master Clock frequency constant. User programmable row and column start/stop allow windowing to a minimum 1x1 pixel window (see “Active Window of Interest Control” on page 12). Windowing can also be performed by subsampling in multiple pixel increments to allow digital zoom (see “Active Window Sub-sampling Control” on page 12). The analog video output of the pixel array is processed by an on chip analog signal processing pipeline. Corre- lated Double Sampling (see “Correlated Double Sam- pling (CDS)” on page 15) eliminates the sensor reset noise without the need to capture and subtract a reset frame per live video frame. The Frame Rate Clamp (FRC) enables real time optical black level calibration and offset correction (see “Frame Rate Clamp (FRC)” on page 15). The programmable analog gain consists of exposure or global gain to map the signal swing to the ADC input range, and white balance gain to perform col- or white balance in the analog domain. The ASP signal chain consists of : (1) Column op-amp(1.5X fixed gain) (2) Column DOVA (1.5X fixed gain) (3) White Balance PGA (0.88-2.82X) (4) Global PGA (0.67X - 5.92X) (5) Global DOVA (2.0X fixed gain) These Digitally Programmable Amplifiers (DPGAs) al- low real time color gain correction for Auto White Bal- ance (see “White Balance Control PGA” on page 16) as well as global gain adjustment (see “Exposure Global Gain PGA” on page 16); offset calibration (see “Pro- grammable Per-Column Offset” on page 16 and “Global Digital Offset Voltage Adjust (DOVA)” on page 19) can be done on a per column basis and globally. This per- column offset correction can be applied by using stored values in the on chip registers. A 10-bit Redundant Signed Digit (RSD) ADC converts the analog data to a 10-bit digital word stream. The fully differential analog signal processing pipeline serves to improve noise im- munity, signal to noise ratio, and system dynamic range. The sensor uses an industry standard two line I2C com- plaint serial interface. (see page 26). The MCM20027 operates with a single 3.3V power supply ( see “Electri- cal Characteristics” on page 53) with no additional bias- es and requires only a single Master Clock for operation upto 13.5MHz. It is housed in a 48 pin ceramic LCC package (see “MCM20027 Packaging Information” on page 69). The MCM20027 is designed taking into consideration interfacing requirements to standard video encoders. In addition to the 10 bit bayer encoded data stream, the sensor outputs the valid frame, line and pixel sync sig- nals needed for encoding. The sensor interfaces with a variety of commercially available video image proces- sors to allow encoding into various standard video for- mats. The MCM20027 is an elegant and extremely flexible single chip solution that simplifies a system designer’s tasks of image sensing, processing, digital conversion, and digital signal processing to a high performance, low cost, low power IC. One that supports among others a wide range of low power, portable consumer digital im- aging applications. 2.0 MCM20027 Architecture 2.1 Pixel Architecture The MCM20027 ImageMOSTM (1) sensor comprises of a 1280 x 1024 active pixel array and supports progres- sive scan mode. The MCM20027 utilizes the Kodak patented “Shared Floating Diffusion” pixel design 3. This design enables two adjacent Row pixels‘ photodiodes to share the same floating diffusion transistor. (see Figure 2, on page8). 1. ImageMOS is a Motorola trademark 2. Patents held jointly by Motorola and Kodak 3. Kodak Patent pending |
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