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MAT04FS Datasheet(PDF) 10 Page - Analog Devices |
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MAT04FS Datasheet(HTML) 10 Page - Analog Devices |
10 / 12 page REV. D MAT04 –10– VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED ATTENUATOR The voltage-controlled attenuator (VCA) of Figure 9, widely used in professional audio circles, can easily be implemented using a MAT04. The excellent matching characteristics of the MAT04 enables the VCA to have a distortion level of under 0.03% over a wide range of control voltages. The VCA accepts a 3 V RMS input and easily handles the full 20 Hz–20 kHz audio bandwidth as shown in Figure 10. Noise level for the VCA is more than 110 dB below maximum output. In the voltage controlled attenuator, the input signal modulates the stage current of each differential pair. Op amps A2 and A3 in conjunction with transistors Q5 and Q6 form voltage-to-current converters that transform a single input voltage into differential currents which form the stage currents of each differential pair. The control voltage shifts the current between each side of the two differential pairs, regulating the signal level reaching the output stage which consists of op amp A1. Figure 11 shows the increase in signal attenuation as the control voltage becomes more negative. The ideal transfer function for the voltage-controlled attenuator is: V V R RR kT q OUT IN CONTROL / exp ( ) = + + 2 1 14 13 14 Where k = Boltzman constant 1.38 × 10–23J/°K T = temperature in °K q = electronic charge = 1.602 × 10–19C From the transfer function it can be seen that the maxi- mum gain of the circuit is 2 (6 dB). To ensure best performance, resistors R2 through R7 should be 1% metal film resistors. Since capacitor C2 can see small amounts of reverse bias when the control voltage is positive, it may be prudent to use a nonpolarized tantalum capacitor. Figure 9. Voltage-Controlled Attenuator |
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