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33FJ64MC506 Datasheet(PDF) 10 Page - Microchip Technology |
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33FJ64MC506 Datasheet(HTML) 10 Page - Microchip Technology |
10 / 90 page dsPIC33F DS70155C-page 8 Preliminary © 2005 Microchip Technology Inc. 3.1.2 ADDRESSING MODES OVERVIEW Overhead-free circular buffers (modulo addressing) are supported in both X and Y address spaces. The modulo addressing removes the software boundary checking overhead for DSP algorithms. Furthermore, the X AGU circular addressing can be used with any of the MCU class of instructions. The X AGU also supports bit-reversed addressing to greatly simplify input or output data reordering for radix-2 FFT algorithms. The CPU supports Inherent (no operand), Relative, Literal, Memory Direct, Register Direct and Register Indirect Addressing modes. Each instruction is associated with a predefined addressing mode group depending upon its functional requirements. As many as 6 addressing modes are supported for each instruction. For most instructions, the dsPIC33F is capable of executing a data (or program data) memory read, a working register (data) read, a data memory write and a program (instruction) memory read per instruction cycle. As a result, three parameter instructions can be supported, allowing A + B = C operations to be executed in a single cycle. 3.1.3 DSP ENGINE OVERVIEW The DSP engine features a high-speed, 17-bit by 17-bit multiplier, a 40-bit ALU, two 40-bit saturating accumulators and a 40-bit bidirectional barrel shifter. The barrel shifter is capable of shifting a 40-bit value, up to 16 bits right or left, in a single cycle. The DSP instructions operate seamlessly with all other instructions and have been designed for optimal real- time performance. The MAC instruction and other associated instructions can concurrently fetch two data operands from memory while multiplying two W registers and accumulating and optionally saturating the result in the same cycle. This instruction functionality requires that the RAM memory data space be split for these instructions and linear for all others. Data space partitioning is achieved in a transparent and flexible manner through dedicating certain working registers to each address space. 3.1.4 SPECIAL MCU FEATURES The dsPIC33F features a 17-bit by 17-bit, single-cycle multiplier that is shared by both the MCU ALU and DSP engine. The multiplier can perform signed, unsigned and mixed-sign multiplication. Using a 17-bit by 17-bit multiplier for 16-bit by 16-bit multiplication not only allows you to perform mixed-sign multiplication, it also achieves accurate results for special operations such as (-1.0) x (-1.0). The dsPIC33F supports 16/16 and 32/16 divide operations, both fractional and integer. All divide instructions are iterative operations. They must be executed within a REPEAT loop, resulting in a total execution time of 19 instruction cycles. The divide operation can be interrupted during any of those 19 cycles without loss of data. A 40-bit barrel shifter is used to perform up to a 16-bit left or right shift in a single cycle. The barrel shifter can be used by both MCU and DSP instructions. 3.1.5 INTERRUPT OVERVIEW The dsPIC33F has a vectored exception scheme with up to 5 sources of non-maskable traps and 67 interrupt sources. Each interrupt source can be assigned to one of seven priority levels. 3.1.6 FEATURES TO ENHANCE COMPILER EFFICIENCY In addition to extensive DSP capability, the CPU architecture possesses several features that lead to a more efficient (code size and speed) C compiler. 1. For most instructions, three-parameter instruc- tions can be supported, allowing A + B = C operations to be executed in a single cycle. 2. Instruction addressing modes are extremely flexible to meet compiler needs. 3. The working register array consists of 16 x 16-bit registers, each of which can act as data, address or offset registers. One working register (W15) operates as the software Stack Pointer for interrupts and calls. 4. Linear indirect access of all data space is possible, plus the memory direct address range is up to 8 Kbytes. This capability, together with the addition of 16-bit direct address MOV-based instructions, has provided a contiguous linear addressing space. 5. Linear indirect access of 32K word (64 Kbyte) pages within program space is possible, using any working register via new table read and write instructions. 6. Part of data space can be mapped into program space, allowing constant data to be accessed as if it were in data space. |
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