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FM25L16B-GTR Datasheet(PDF) 3 Page - Ramtron International Corporation |
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FM25L16B-GTR Datasheet(HTML) 3 Page - Ramtron International Corporation |
3 / 14 page FM25L16B - 16Kb 3V SPI F-RAM Rev. 1.3 Mar. 2011 Page 3 of 14 Overview The FM25L16B is a serial F-RAM memory. The memory array is logically organized as 2,048 x 8 and is accessed using an industry standard Serial Peripheral Interface or SPI bus. Functional operation of the F-RAM is similar to serial EEPROMs. The major difference between the FM25L16B and a serial EEPROM with the same pinout is the F-RAM’s superior write performance. Memory Architecture When accessing the FM25L16B, the user addresses 2,048 locations of 8 data bits each. These data bits are shifted serially. The addresses are accessed using the SPI protocol, which includes a chip select (to permit multiple devices on the bus), an op-code, and a two-byte address. The upper 5 bits of the address range are ‘don’t care’ values. The complete address of 11-bits specifies each byte address uniquely. Most functions of the FM25L16B either are controlled by the SPI interface or are handled automatically by on-board circuitry. The access time for memory operation is essentially zero, beyond the time needed for the serial protocol. That is, the memory is read or written at the speed of the SPI bus. Unlike an EEPROM, it is not necessary to poll the device for a ready condition since writes occur at bus speed. So, by the time a new bus transaction can be shifted into the device, a write operation will be complete. This is explained in more detail in the interface section. Users expect several obvious system benefits from the FM25L16B due to its fast write cycle and high endurance as compared with EEPROM. In addition there are less obvious benefits as well. For example in a high noise environment, the fast-write operation is less susceptible to corruption than an EEPROM since it is completed quickly. By contrast, an EEPROM requiring milliseconds to write is vulnerable to noise during much of the cycle. Note that the FM25L16B contains no power management circuits other than a simple internal power-on reset. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure that VDD is within datasheet tolerances to prevent incorrect operation. It is recommended that the part is not powered down with chip select active. Serial Peripheral Interface – SPI Bus The FM25L16B employs a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus. It is specified to operate at speeds up to 20 MHz. This high-speed serial bus provides high performance serial communication to a host microcontroller. Many common microcontrollers have hardware SPI ports allowing a direct interface. It is quite simple to emulate the port using ordinary port pins for microcontrollers that do not. The FM25L16B operates in SPI Mode 0 and 3. The SPI interface uses a total of four pins: clock, data-in, data-out, and chip select. A typical system configuration uses one or more FM25L16B devices with a microcontroller that has a dedicated SPI port, as Figure 2 illustrates. Note that the clock, data-in, and data-out pins are common among all devices. The Chip Select and Hold pins must be driven separately for each FM25L16B device. For a microcontroller that has no dedicated SPI bus, a general purpose port may be used. To reduce hardware resources on the controller, it is possible to connect the two data pins (SI, SO) together and tie off (high) the Hold pin. Figure 3 shows a configuration that uses only three pins. Protocol Overview The SPI interface is a synchronous serial interface using clock and data pins. It is intended to support multiple devices on the bus. Each device is activated using a chip select. Once chip select is activated by the bus master, the FM25L16B will begin monitoring the clock and data lines. The relationship between the falling edge of /CS, the clock and data is dictated by the SPI mode. The device will make a determination of the SPI mode on the falling edge of each chip select. While there are four such modes, the FM25L16B supports Modes 0 and 3. Figure 4 shows the required signal relationships for Modes 0 and 3. For both modes, data is clocked into the FM25L16B on the rising edge of SCK and data is expected on the first rising edge after /CS goes active. If the clock begins from a high state, it will fall prior to beginning data transfer in order to create the first rising edge. The SPI protocol is controlled by op-codes. These op-codes specify the commands to the device. After /CS is activated the first byte transferred from the bus master is the op-code. Following the op-code, any addresses and data are then transferred. Note that the WREN and WRDI op-codes are commands with no subsequent data transfer. Important: The /CS must go inactive (high) after an operation is complete and before a new op-code can be issued. There is one valid op-code only per active chip select. |
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