HCS515_11 datasheet(2/38 Pages) MICROCHIP

Part #	HCS515

Description	KEELOQ짰 Code Hopping Decoder stand-alone decoder

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Manufacturer	MICROCHIP [Microchip Technology]

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HCS515

DS40183E-page 2

ations in transmitter data rate. The decoder contains

sophisticated error checking algorithms to ensure only

valid codes are accepted.

1.0

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

Key Terms

The following is a list of key terms used throughout this

data sheet. For additional information on KEELOQ® and

Code Hopping, refer to Technical Brief 3 (TB003).

• RKE - Remote Keyless Entry

• Button Status - Indicates what button input(s)

activated the transmission. Encompasses the 4

button status bits S3, S2, S1 and S0 (Figure 7-2).

• Code Hopping - A method by which a code,

viewed externally to the system, appears to

change unpredictably each time it is transmitted.

• Code word - A block of data that is repeatedly

transmitted upon button activation (Figure 7-1).

• Transmission - A data stream consisting of

repeating code words (Figure 7-1).

• Crypt key - A unique and secret 64-bit number

used to encrypt and decrypt data. In a symmetri-

cal block cipher such as the KEELOQ algorithm,

the encryption and decryption keys are equal and

will therefore be referred to generally as the crypt

key.

• Encoder - A device that generates and encodes

data.

• Encryption Algorithm - A recipe whereby data is

scrambled using a crypt key. The data can only be

interpreted by the respective decryption algorithm

using the same crypt key.

• Decoder - A device that decodes data received

from an encoder.

• Decryption algorithm - A recipe whereby data

scrambled by an encryption algorithm can be

unscrambled using the same crypt key.

• Learn – Learning involves the receiver calculating

the transmitter’s appropriate crypt key, decrypting

the received hopping code and storing the serial

number, synchronization counter value and crypt

key in EEPROM. The KEELOQ product family facil-

itates several learning strategies to be imple-

mented on the decoder. The following are

examples of what can be done.

- Simple Learning

The receiver uses a fixed crypt key, common

to all components of all systems by the same

manufacturer, to decrypt the received code

word’s encrypted portion.

- Normal Learning

The receiver uses information transmitted

during normal operation to derive the crypt

key and decrypt the received code word’s

encrypted portion.

- Secure Learn

The transmitter is activated through a special

button combination to transmit a stored 60-bit

seed value used to generate the transmitter’s

crypt key. The receiver uses this seed value

to derive the same crypt key and decrypt the

received code word’s encrypted portion.

• Manufacturer’s code – A unique and secret 64-

bit number used to generate unique encoder crypt

keys. Each encoder is programmed with a crypt

key that is a function of the manufacturer’s code.

Each decoder is programmed with the manufac-

turer code itself.

1.1

HCS Encoder Overview

The HCS encoders have a small EEPROM array which

must be loaded with several parameters before use.

The most important of these values are:

• A crypt key that is generated at the time of pro-

duction

• A 16-bit synchronization counter value

• A 28-bit serial number which is meant to be

unique for every encoder

The manufacturer programs the serial number for each

encoder at the time of production, while the ‘Key Gen-

eration Algorithm’ generates the crypt key (Figure 1-1).

Inputs to the key generation algorithm typically consist

of the encoder’s serial number and a 64-bit manufac-

turer’s code, which the manufacturer creates.

Note:

The manufacturer code is a pivotal part of

the system’s overall security. Conse-

quently, all possible precautions must be

taken and maintained for this code.

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