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LTC4010 Datasheet(PDF) 11 Page - Linear Technology

Part # LTC4010
Description  High Efficiency Standalone Nickel Battery Charger
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Manufacturer  LINER [Linear Technology]
Direct Link  http://www.linear.com
Logo LINER - Linear Technology

LTC4010 Datasheet(HTML) 11 Page - Linear Technology

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LTC4010

4010fb
operaTion (Refer to Figure 1)
Charge Termination
Fast charge termination parameters are dependent upon
the battery chemistry selected with the CHEM pin. Volt-
age-based termination (–∆V) is always active after the
initial voltage stabilization period. If an external thermistor
networkispresent,chemistry-specificlimitsfor∆T/∆t(rate
of temperature rise) are also used in the termination algo-
rithm.Temperature-basedtermination,ifenabled,becomes
active as soon as the fast charge state is entered.
Successful charge termination requires a charge rate
between C/2 and 2C. Lower rates may not produce the
batteryvoltageandtemperatureprofilerequiredforcharge
termination.
Top-Off Charge State
If NiMH fast charge termination occurs because the
∆T/∆t limit is exceeded after an initial period of tMAX/12
has expired, the LTC4010 enters the top-off charge state.
Top-off charge is implemented by sourcing one-tenth the
programmed charge current for tMAX/3 minutes to ensure
that 100% charge has been delivered to the battery. The
CHRG status output is active during the top-off state. If
NiCd cells have been selected with the CHEM pin, the
LTC4010 never enters the top-off state.
Automatic Recharge State
Once charging is complete, the automatic recharge state
is entered to address the self-discharge characteristics of
nickel chemistry cells. The charge status output is inactive
during automatic recharge, but VCDIV remains switched
to GND to monitor the average cell voltage. If the VCELL
voltage drops below 1.325V without falling below 350mV,
the charge timer is reset and a new fast charge cycle is
initiated.
The internal termination algorithms of the LTC4010 are
adjusted when a fast charge cycle is initiated from auto-
matic recharge, because the battery should be almost fully
charged.Voltage-basedterminationisenabledimmediately
and the NiMH ∆T/∆t limit is fixed at a battery temperature
rise of 1°C/minute.
Fault State
Asdiscussedpreviously,theLTC4010entersthefaultstate
based on detection of invalid battery voltages during vari-
ous charging phases. The IC also monitors the regulation
of the PWM control loop and will enter the fault state if
this is not within acceptable limits. Once in the fault state,
the battery must be removed or DC input power must be
cycled in order to initiate further charging. In the fault
state, the FAULT output is active, the READY output is
inactive, charging stops and the charge indicator output
is inactive. The VCDIV output remains connected to GND
to allow detection of battery removal.
Note that the LTC4010 also uses the FAULT output to indi-
cate that charging is suspended due to invalid battery or
internal die temperatures. However, the IC does not enter
the fault state in these cases and normal operation will
resume when all temperatures return to acceptable levels.
Refer to the Status Outputs section for more detail.
Insertion and Removal of Batteries
TheLTC4010automaticallysensestheinsertionorremoval
of a battery by monitoring the VCELL pin voltage. Should
this voltage fall below 350mV, the IC considers the bat-
tery to be absent. Removing and then inserting a battery
causes the LTC4010 to initiate a completely new charge
cycle beginning with charge qualification.
External Pause Control
After charging is initiated, the VTEMP pin may be used to
pause operation at any time. When the voltage between
VTEMP and GND drops below 200mV, the charge timer
pauses, fast charge termination algorithms are inhibited
and the PWM outputs are disabled. The status and VCDIV
outputs all remain active. Normal function is fully restored
from the previous state when pause ends.


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