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DS80C310-ECG Datasheet(PDF) 5 Page - Dallas Semiconductor |
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DS80C310-ECG Datasheet(HTML) 5 Page - Dallas Semiconductor |
5 / 21 page DS80C310 031296 5/21 COMPATIBILITY The DS80C310 is a fully static CMOS 8051 compatible microcontroller designed for high performance. In most cases the DS80C310 can drop into an existing socket for the 80C31 or 80C32 to improve the operation signifi- cantly. In general, software written for existing 8051 based systems works without modification on the DS80C310. The exception is critical timing since the High–Speed Micro performs its instructions much faster than the original for any given crystal selection. The DS80C310 runs the standard 8051 family instruction set and is pin compatible with DIP, PLCC or TQFP pack- ages. The DS80C310 is a streamlined version of the DS80C320. It maintains upward compatibility but has fewer peripherals. The DS80C310 provides three 16–bit timer/counters, a full–duplex serial port, and 256 bytes of direct RAM. I/O ports have the same operation as a standard 8051 prod- uct. Timers will default to a 12 clock per cycle operation to keep their timing compatible with original 8051 family systems. However, timers are individually program- mable to run at the new 4 clocks per cycle if desired. The DS80C310 provides several new hardware func- tions that are controlled by Special Function registers. A summary of the Special Function Registers is provided in Table 2. PERFORMANCE OVERVIEW The DS80C310 features a high–speed 8051 compatible core. Higher speed comes not just from increasing the clock frequency, but from a newer, more efficient design. This updated core does not have the dummy memory cycles that are present in a standard 8051. A conven- tional 8051 generates machine cycles using the clock frequency divided by 12. In the DS80C310, the same machine cycle takes four clocks. Thus the fastest instruction, 1 machine cycle, executes three times faster for the same crystal frequency. Note that these are identical instructions. The majority of instructions on the DS80C310 will see the full 3 to 1 speed improve- ment. Some instructions will get between 1.5 and 2.4 to 1 improvement. All instructions are faster than the origi- nal 8051. The numerical average of all opcodes gives approxi- mately a 2.5 to 1 speed improvement. Improvement of individual programs will depend on the actual instruc- tions used. Speed sensitive applications would make the most use of instructions that are three times faster. However, the sheer number of 3 to 1 improved opcodes makes dramatic speed improvements likely for any code. These architecture improvements and 0.8 µm CMOS produce a peak instruction cycle in 121 ns (8.25 MIPs). The Dual Data Pointer feature also allows the user to eliminate wasted instructions when moving blocks of memory. INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY All instructions in the DS80C310 perform the same functions as their 8051 counterparts. Their effect on bits, flags, and other status functions is identical. How- ever, the timing of each instruction is different. This applies both in absolute and relative number of clocks. For absolute timing of real–time events, the timing of software loops can be calculated using a table in the High–Speed Microcontroller User’s Guide. However, counter/timers default to run at the older 12 clocks per increment. In this way, timer–based events occur at the standard intervals with software executing at higher speed. Timers optionally can run at 4 clocks per incre- ment to take advantage of faster processor operation. The relative time of two instructions might be different in the new architecture than it was previously. For exam- ple, in the original architecture, the “MOVX A, @DPTR” instruction and the “MOV direct, direct” instruction used two machine cycles or 24 oscillator cycles. Therefore, they required the same amount of time. In the DS80C310, the MOVX instruction takes as little as two machine cycles or eight oscillator cycles but the “MOV direct, direct” uses three machine cycles or 12 oscillator cycles. While both are faster than their original counter- parts, they now have different execution times. This is because the DS80C310 usually uses one instruction cycle for each instruction byte. The user concerned with precise program timing should examine the timing of each instruction for familiarity with the changes. Note that a machine cycle now requires just four clocks, and provides one ALE pulse per cycle. Many instructions require only one cycle, but some require five. In the orig- inal architecture, all were one or two cycles except for MUL and DIV. Refer to the High–Speed Microcontroller User’s Guide for details and individual instruction tim- ing. |
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