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GM665003.3TB3R Datasheet(PDF) 6 Page - Gamma Microelectronics Inc. |
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GM665003.3TB3R Datasheet(HTML) 6 Page - Gamma Microelectronics Inc. |
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6 / 11 page  6 APPLICATION INFORMATION The GM66500 series is a high-performance low- dropout voltage regulator, suitable for moderate to high-current voltage regulator applications. Its 400mV dropout voltage at full load makes it especially valuable in battery-powered systems and as a high-efficiency noise filter in post-regulator applications. Unlike older NPN-pass transistor designs, where the minimum dropout voltage is limited by the base-to- emitter voltage drop and collector-to-emitter saturation voltage, dropout performance of the PNP output of these devices is limited only by the low V saturation CE Voltage. The GM66500 series regulator is fully protected from damage due to fault conditions. Current limiting is provided. This limiting is linear, output current during overload conditions is constant. Thermal shutdown disables the device when the die temperature exceeds the maximum safe operating temperature. Transient protection allows device (and load) survival even when the input voltage spikes above and below nominal. The output structure of these regulators allows voltages in excess of the desired output voltage to be applied without reverse current flow. Thermal Design Linear regulators are simple to use. The most complicated design parameters to consider are thermal characteristics. Thermal design requires four application-specific parameters: Maximum ambient temperature (T ) A Output Current (I ) OUT Output Voltage (V ) OUT Input Voltage (V ) IN Ground Current (I ) GND Figure 10. Capacitor Requirements Calculate the power dissipation of the regulator from these numbers and the device parameters from this datasheet, where the ground current is taken from data sheet The heat sink thermal resistance is determined by: where T 125°C and q is between 0°C and J(max) CS 2°C/W. The heat sink may be significantly reduced in applications where the minimum input voltage is known and is large compared with the dropout voltage. Use a series input resistor to drop excessive voltage, and distribute the heat between this resistor and the regulator. The low dropout properties of Super beta PNP regulators allow significant reductions in regulator power dissipation and the associated heat sink without compromising performance. When this technique is employed, a capacitor of at least 1.0µF is needed directly between the input and regulator ground. Output Capacitor The GM66500 series requires an output capacitor to maintain stability and improve transient response. Proper capacitor selection is important to ensure proper operation. The GM66500 series output capacitor selection is dependent upon the ESR (equivalent series resistance) of the output capacitor to maintain stability. When the output capacitor is 47µF or greater, the output capacitor should have less than 1W of ESR. This will improve transient response as well as promote stability. Ultra-low-ESR capacitors, such as ceramic chip capacitors may promote instability. These very low ESR levels may cause an oscillation and/or underdamped transient response. When larger capacitors are used, the ESR requirement approaches zero. A 100µF ceramic capacitor can be used on the output while maintaining stability. A low-ESR 47µF solid tantalum capacitor works extremely well and provides good transient response and stability over temperature. Aluminum electrolytics can also be used, as long as the ESR of the capacitor is 1W . The value of the output capacitor can be increased without limit. Higher capacitance values help to improve transient response, ripple rejection, and reduce output noise. q = - (q SA JC + q ) CS T - TA J(MAX) P D + VIN GM66500 - X.X COUT + CIN VOUT GND VIN VOUT P = (V - V )I + V I D IN OUT OUT IN GND A A MICROELECTRONICS GM66500 SERIES 5A ULTRA LOW - DROPOUT REGULATOR Power Management |
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