ICM320TGADA datasheet(10/30 Pages) ETC

Part #	ICM320TGADA

Description	3.2 Megapixel QXGA Digital Color CMOS Image Sensor

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ICM320T

3.2 Megapixel QXGA Digital Color CMOS VGA Image Sensor

Preliminary Data Sheet V1.0

3/14/2005

http://www.ic-media.com/

Page 10

Exposure Time

To accommodate different illumination

requirements, you can change the exposure time

on the ICM320T by adjusting registers 0x1C and

0x1D. The exposure time is measured in terms of

the time to read out one line of data.

The time for processing one line is equal to the

pixel clock period times the frame width. The

frame width is stored in registers 0x0C and

0x0D. The exposure time for one full resolution

default line width of 2200 pixel clocks is 34

µs

when the pixel clock is 64 MHz.

Digital Gain Control

The ICM320T digital gain control feature is one

of the methods you can use to control image

quality. Adjusting the digital gain is generally

used for minor changes, either to balance color

or to adjust the overall image luminance. The

gain range is from 1/256 to 8 of the four Bayer

pattern pixels.

Gain changes require changes to two types of

registers; the per Bayer color channel gain value

registers 0x20-0x28, and the magnitude of

change register 0x52[3:0].

Analog Gain Control

The ICM320T supports up to 4x analog gain

control for low light operation. Four analog gain

settings are programmable using register 0x28.

The default value 0x00, corresponds to 1x gain,

which is used for normal light. Other settings are

0x81: 2x gain, 0x92: 3x gain and 0xA3: 4x gain.

Modified analog gain settings are activated by

writing 0x1 into register 0x00[7].

Analog Gain Calibration

The analog gain can be calibrated by adjusting

the maximum analog input and the maximum

ADC output so that they have the same dynamic

range. To enable automatic gain calibration,

write 0x1 into register 0x00[1].

Pixel Timing and Function Control

The ICM320T has a software-controlled pixel

analog data path. This feature allows fine-tuning

of the sensor’s performance and makes the

sensor highly adaptable to a wide range of

applications. The pixel analog data path timing is

controlled by the default settings or by

downloading a pixel configuration table.

Register 0x02[4] makes the selection. Pixel

configuration tables are sequentially downloaded

into registers 0x04, 0x05, and 0x06 while

incrementing the 0x03 address pointer.

Subsampling Schemes

The ICM320T supports subsampling for

viewfinder and other reduced data rate output

modes. It supports sub-sampled resolutions in

the 1/4-rate 1024x768 and 1/16-rate 512x384

formats. The 1/4-rate mode maximum frame

rate is twice the maximum full resolution frame

rate. The peak 1/16-rate frame rate is four times

the maximum full resolution frame rate.

Subsampling modes are selected through register

0x52[7:4].

Dark Level Compensation

The ICM320T supports automatic dark level

compensation with programmable offset. The

automatic dark level compensation algorithm

supports user programmable hysteresis to

prevent oscillation of automatic exposure

algorithms in companion devices. The hysteresis

parameters are set using register 0x3B[2:0]. The

algorithm in enabled by register 0x3B[7].

Dead Pixel Filtering

The ICM320T supports dead pixel filtering for

both full QXGA resolution and sub-sampled 1/4-

rate and 1/16-rate resolutions. The filter is only

applied to pixels outside the high and low dead

pixel filter thresholds defined in registers 0x42

through 0x45. The filter is enabled and disabled

using register 0x51[3].

Pixel Noise Filtering

The ICM320T implements pixel noise

suppression filtering for improved image quality

under low light conditions for both full QXGA

resolution and sub-sampled 1/4-rate and 1/16-

rate resolutions. The pixel noise suppression

filter implements a two or four pixel averaging

across adjacent pixels of the same color space in

sub sampled resolutions. Register 0x51[2:0] is

used to enable and disable two pixel or four pixel

averaging respectively.

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